Optimizing Road Networks for Automated Vehicles with Dedicated Links, Dedicated Lanes, and Mixed-Traffic Subnetworks

This study focuses on network configurations to accommodate automated vehicles (AVs) road networks during the transition period full automation. The literature suggests that dedicated infrastructure for AVs and enhanced mixed traffic (i.e., same lanes with conventional vehicles) are main alternatives so far. We utilize both propose a unified mathematical framework optimizing by simultaneous deployment of AV-ready subnetworks traffic, AV links, lanes. model problem as bilevel design where upper level represents adjustment decisions deploy these concepts lower includes equilibrium representing flows result travelers’ response new topologies. An efficient heuristic solution method is introduced solve formulated find coherent Applicability real demonstrated using large-scale case Amsterdam metropolitan region. Our results indicate low market penetration rates (MPRs), subnetworks, which in most configuration. However, after 30% MPR, prove be more beneficial. Additionally, types can dictate viable plan certain parts networks. These insights used guide planners developing their strategies regarding